Basic
Human
Motion
Rotation of the Lower Extremity
External Rotation of the Leg
Rotation of the leg out or away from the midline of the body.
It results in the toes also being turned out or away from the body's midline.
Also known as lateral rotation.
The motion is a result of the limb turning about an axis that passes through the center of the leg.
The leg is externally rotated at the hip.
The knee cannot not externally rotate independent of the hip.
Internal Rotation of the Leg
Rotation of the leg inward or toward the midline of the body.
It results in the toes also being turned in or toward from the body's midline.
Also known as medial rotation.
The motion is a result of the limb turning about an axis that passes through the center of the leg.
The leg is internally rotated at the hip.
The knee cannot not internally rotate independent of the hip.
External Rotation of the Foot
Also referred to as Abduction of the foot.
Abduction is the movement of a limb away from the midline.
Internal Rotation of the Foot
Also referred to as Adduction of the foot.
Adduction is the movement of a limb toward the midline.